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Developments in October 2026

Short developments compiled daily from the official gazette, government and regulator sources, each with its source and what it means in practice.

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MontenegroTax

Montenegro's Government sends the Spain double tax treaty to Parliament for ratification

On 6 October 2026 the Government of Montenegro (Vlada) submitted to the Parliament of Montenegro (Skupština) a bill ratifying the treaty between Montenegro and the Kingdom of Spain on the avoidance of double taxation and the prevention of tax evasion with respect to taxes on income (Predlog zakona o potvrđivanju Ugovora). The parliament's page lists the bill's status as in procedure (u proceduri). The treaty's provisions are not reproduced on the bill page, and the bill has not yet been adopted.

What it means for you

For individuals and companies with income in both Montenegro and Spain, the treaty addresses double taxation of income and tax evasion between the two states; the bill opens the parliamentary ratification procedure for it.

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MontenegroBanking & finance

Montenegro consumer credit draft reported to ban loan terms discriminating by citizenship or residence

Investitor.me reports that a draft amending Montenegro's Consumer Credit Act (Zakon o potrošačkim kreditima) would expressly prohibit discriminatory lending terms based on citizenship, residence or other legally protected personal characteristics. According to the report, cutting or cancelling an overdraft would require at least 30 days' notice, and before forced collection lenders would have to offer repayment in 12 equal monthly instalments; the changes aim to align with EU Directive 2023/2225. The text is still a draft and has not been adopted.

What it means for you

For foreigners who borrow from lenders in Montenegro, the reported draft would make citizenship and residence expressly prohibited grounds for different credit terms, while differences based on objective criteria would remain possible.

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MontenegroWork permitsCompanies

Montenegro bill proposes cutting maximum fixed-term employment from 24 to 12 months

On 1 October 2026 a parliamentary group (poslanički klub) submitted to the Parliament of Montenegro (Skupština Crne Gore) a bill amending the Labour Act (Zakon o radu). The bill replaces "24 months" with "12 months" in Articles 37, 47 and 54, cutting the maximum duration of fixed-term employment contracts (ugovor o radu na određeno vrijeme) with the same employer. The bill is in parliamentary procedure and, if adopted, would enter into force on the eighth day after publication in the Official Gazette of Montenegro (Službeni list Crne Gore).

What it means for you

If adopted, foreign nationals employed in Montenegro on fixed-term contracts, and the companies that employ them, would reach the limit on fixed-term work with the same employer after 12 months instead of 24. The bill is a proposal and changes nothing until Parliament adopts it.

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TürkiyeReal estate

Türkiye amends Real Estate Trade Regulation: protocol to set secure payment system exemptions and usage fee

The Ministry of Trade's amendment to the Regulation on Real Estate Trade (Taşınmaz Ticareti Hakkında Yönetmelik) was published in Resmî Gazete No. 33387 on 1 October 2026 and entered into force on publication. Under the rewritten fifth paragraph of additional Article 1, the secure payment system (güvenli ödeme sistemi) runs under a protocol between the Ministry of Trade, the Ministry of Environment, Urbanisation and Climate Change and an integrator, which sets the sales excluded from the system, the pilot application, the usage fee and how it is shared. The amendment also replaces the date 1/7/2026 in paragraph 10 of provisional Article 1 with 1/12/2026.

What it means for you

For foreigners buying or selling property in Türkiye, which sales fall outside the secure payment system and what using it costs are now set in the protocol rather than in the regulation itself.

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These notes are general information, not legal advice, and do not create a lawyer–client relationship. Each note reflects the source text on its publication date; check the current official text and your own situation with a lawyer before acting.