NEWS DESK

Developments in September 2026

Short developments compiled daily from the official gazette, government and regulator sources, each with its source and what it means in practice.

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MontenegroTaxBanking & finance

Montenegro's Tax Administration starts automatic exchange of US account data under FATCA

Montenegro's Tax Administration (Poreska uprava) announced on 30 September 2026 that it has carried out its first automatic exchange of financial account information with the US Internal Revenue Service (IRS) under the FATCA agreement. The exchange, sent through the IDES system, covered reporting periods from 2014 to 2025 and includes account holders' identification data, year-end balances and income from interest, dividends and sales of financial assets. The authority also stated that it is working on applying the OECD Common Reporting Standard (CRS).

What it means for you

Account data of US taxpayers held at Montenegrin financial institutions now reaches the IRS on a regular, systematic basis rather than only on individual request. Under CRS, the Tax Administration will also receive data from partner states on accounts that Montenegrin tax residents hold abroad.

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TürkiyeReal estateBanking & finance

Türkiye to move the mandatory start of the secure payment system for property sales to 1 December 2026

Türkiye's Ministry of Trade (Ticaret Bakanlığı) announced on 28 September 2026 that a forthcoming amendment to the Regulation on Real Estate Trade (Taşınmaz Ticareti Hakkında Yönetmelik) will reset the mandatory start date of the Secure Payment System (Güvenli Ödeme Sistemi) to 1 December 2026. Under the amendment of 29 April 2026, where all or part of a property price is paid in cash, by bank transfer or by electronic funds transfer, it is to be paid through this system, which makes title and price change hands simultaneously. The ministry says banks' technical infrastructure is still being built and a pilot is planned once it is ready.

What it means for you

For foreigners buying or selling property in Türkiye, the obligation to route the sale price through the Secure Payment System is set to apply from 1 December 2026, once the announced regulation amendment is made.

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TürkiyeCompaniesWork permits

Türkiye amends its Remote Working Regulation to allow hybrid work defined in the employment contract

Türkiye's Ministry of Labour and Social Security (Çalışma ve Sosyal Güvenlik Bakanlığı) published an amendment to the Remote Working Regulation (Uzaktan Çalışma Yönetmeliği) of 10 March 2021 in the Resmî Gazete of 25 September 2026. A paragraph added to Article 9 allows the parties to agree that part of the work is done at the workplace and part remotely; the days the employee works at the workplace and remotely, and the working hours, are then set in the employment contract. The amendment entered into force on its publication date, 25 September 2026.

What it means for you

Foreign-owned employers in Türkiye and foreigners employed there under a Turkish employment contract now have an express rule for hybrid work: the workplace and remote days and the working hours are fixed in the employment contract.

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MontenegroTaxCompanies

Montenegro bill proposes QDMTT alignment and a 15-month filing deadline for the global minimum tax

On 23 September 2026 a group of MPs submitted to the Parliament of Montenegro a bill amending the Law on the Global Minimum Corporate Income Tax (Službeni list CG 33/26), which sets a 15% minimum effective rate for groups with consolidated revenue of at least €750 million. The bill recasts the domestic top-up tax as a qualified domestic top-up tax (kvalifikovani domaći dopunski porez) under Council Directive (EU) 2022/2523 and sets the return deadline at 18 months for the first year and 15 months thereafter. It is in parliamentary procedure and would take effect on publication in the Official Gazette.

What it means for you

If Parliament adopts the bill, Montenegrin entities of foreign multinational groups in the €750 million scope would have 15 months instead of 18 to file top-up tax returns after the first year.

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MontenegroResidence permitsWork permits

State audit reported to find Montenegro issued 44% more residence and work permits than its 2025 quota

Vijesti reports that Montenegro's State Audit Institution (DRI) has published its final audit of integrated migration management for 2021 to 2025, finding that the Ministry of the Interior (MUP) has not sufficiently secured an effective migration management system. The Government set a 2025 quota of 28,988 temporary residence and work permits, while 40,567 were issued, 44% above the quota; 107,506 foreign nationals stayed in Montenegro that year, 29,714 with permanent residence (stalni boravak) and 67,807 with temporary residence (privremeni boravak). The Ministry is to send the DRI an action plan by 19 October 2026.

What it means for you

The audit describes a permit system running well above the Government's own annual quota and calls for quotas matched to actual labour market demand; that quota is the mechanism deciding how many residence and work permits are available to foreigners in a year.

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TürkiyeBanking & finance

Türkiye's banking regulator reported to have revoked Bank Mellat's operating licence

Daily Sabah reported on 20 September 2026 that Türkiye has revoked the licence of Bank Mellat, one of Iran's largest private banks, through a decision published in the Official Gazette (Resmî Gazete). According to the same report, the Turkish banking regulator relied on article 71b of the banking law, under which an entity's "continued operation poses a threat to the rights of depositors and participation fund holders and to the security and stability of the financial system". The report gives no detail on how existing accounts and payments at the bank in Türkiye are to be handled.

What it means for you

If the licence has been withdrawn as reported, the bank is no longer authorised to operate in Türkiye, which directly concerns foreign residents and foreign-owned companies that hold accounts with it or route payments through it.

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TürkiyeReal estateBanking & finance

Türkiye's secure payment system for property sales reported to become mandatory on 1 October 2026

Ekonomim (Dünya) reports that the secure payment system (Güvenli Ödeme Sistemi) for property purchases and sales in Türkiye will be applied compulsorily from 1 October 2026. According to the report, the sale price is held in a secure account until the title deed transfer (tapu devri) is completed and is transferred automatically to the seller's account once the transfer takes place, with the banking system and land registry transactions working in an integrated way through an application of the Ministry of Trade (Ticaret Bakanlığı). The report was published on 20 September 2026.

What it means for you

For a foreign buyer or seller of property in Türkiye, the reported change concerns how the purchase money moves: the price would sit in a secure account tied to completion of the title deed transfer rather than passing directly between the parties at the registry.

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MontenegroCompaniesDaily life

Montenegro's government reported to have adopted minimum net wage floors of €1,000 to €1,400

RTCG reports that Montenegro's government adopted a wage programme called EURO MODEL at its session on 17 September 2026 and that the programme will be forwarded to the Parliament of Montenegro (Skupština Crne Gore). As reported, from January 2027 the minimum net monthly wage in both the public and the private sector would be €1,000 for posts requiring primary education or less, €1,250 for posts requiring secondary education and €1,400 for posts requiring higher education. The broadcaster reports that more than 250,000 employees would be covered.

What it means for you

The reported floors are set by the education level required for the post and would reach both foreign nationals employed in Montenegro and employers there, including foreign-owned ones; the programme has not yet been adopted by parliament.

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TürkiyeBanking & finance

Türkiye's capital markets regulator reported to set the liquidation procedure for 131 investment funds

Ekonomim reports that Türkiye's Capital Markets Board (Sermaye Piyasası Kurulu, SPK) set out, in its bulletin 2026/61 of 17 September 2026, how the investment funds it had ordered into liquidation are to be wound up. According to the report, investor accounts are reconciled within 2 business days of the liquidation rules taking effect, those operations are to be completed within at most 10 business days following the Board decision, and the liquidation of the funds' assets ends on the first business day after a period of at most 3 months from publication of the liquidation announcement. The updated liquidation list is reported to cover 131 investment funds.

What it means for you

Foreign investors holding units in the listed funds are reported to be paid in cash into their reconciled individual custody accounts in proportion to their units, with amounts from TEFAS sell orders that were not executed booked as a debt of the fund and paid first.

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MontenegroCompaniesDaily life

Montenegro's Government reported to have widened its temporary wood export restriction to pellet raw material

Investitor.me reports that the Government of Montenegro has amended its existing decision on the temporary restriction of exports of certain wood assortments (Odluka o privremenom ograničenju izvoza određenih drvnih sortimenata) so that the measure now also covers products that are the basic raw material for pellet production. According to the report, published on 11 September 2026, the Government stated after its session that the export of these assortments is being restricted temporarily because a shortage was observed on the domestic market. The same report puts a tonne of pellets on the Montenegrin market at €330 to €400 and notes that the measure does not cap the retail price.

What it means for you

The restriction covers raw material leaving Montenegro, so companies that buy, process or export timber there face a changed export position before the heating season; the report notes warnings that firms with orders already agreed with foreign partners could be affected. For residents heating with pellets, the reported €330 to €400 per tonne stays a market price, as the measure does not cap retail prices.

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TürkiyeBanking & finance

Türkiye voids uncleared Borsa İstanbul repo trades not notified to Takasbank in time

The Capital Markets Board (Sermaye Piyasası Kurulu) added a fourth paragraph to Article 33 of the Regulation on the Principles of Borsa İstanbul A.Ş. Exchange Activities, published in the Official Gazette of 19/10/2014, issue 29150. Trades in the Exchange's Repo and Reverse Repo Market without central clearing are invalid and are cancelled by the Exchange on Takasbank's notification, when the securities of the repo transaction are not notified by the hour Takasbank sets on the trade date and are not blocked in the relevant account for the fund. The amendment was published in the Official Gazette of 10 September 2026, issue 33366, and entered into force on the day of publication.

What it means for you

For foreign investors whose Turkish portfolios include repo transactions outside central clearing, missing the notification hour or the blocking requirement cancels the trade itself rather than triggering a late-settlement penalty.

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MontenegroReal estateTax

Montenegro's official gazette publishes the act amending the real estate transfer tax act

Issue 132/2026 of the Official Gazette of Montenegro (Službeni list Crne Gore), published on 9 September 2026, carries the act amending the Real Estate Transfer Tax Act (Zakon o izmjenama Zakona o porezu na promet nepokretnosti). The same issue also publishes an act amending the Public Procurement Act (Zakon o izmjeni i dopuni Zakona o javnim nabavkama) and a new act on personal data processed by the competent authorities for the prevention, investigation, detection or prosecution of criminal offences. The issue's table of contents lists these acts.

What it means for you

Transfer tax is charged on acquisitions of real estate in Montenegro, including purchases by foreigners, and issue 132/2026 is where the wording of the amending act is published.

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TürkiyeBanking & financeCompanies

Türkiye's capital markets regulator reported to set a 3% shareholding notification threshold from 11 September 2026

Ekonomim reports that Türkiye's Capital Markets Board (Sermaye Piyasası Kurulu, SPK) has announced decisions on shareholding notification and on the actual free float for companies traded on Borsa İstanbul. According to that report, from the end of the day on 11 September 2026 the notification threshold for listed issuers is 3%, and the Central Securities Depository (Merkezi Kayıt Kuruluşu, MKK) is to keep continuously updated tables of direct holders of 3% or more and indirect holders of 10% or more. The same report says MKK is to calculate and publish the actual free float figures daily from 11 September 2026.

What it means for you

For a foreign investor holding shares in a company listed in Türkiye, the reported change sets the point at which a stake becomes publicly notifiable at 3% of the capital, and from 11 September 2026 such holders appear in tables kept updated by MKK.

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MontenegroReal estate

Montenegro consults on a new act on managing and maintaining residential buildings

RTCG reports that Montenegro's Ministry of Spatial Planning, Urbanism and State Property has put a draft act on the management and maintenance of residential buildings (Nacrt zakona o upravljanju i održavanju stambenih zgrada) to public consultation, with a roundtable held at the ministry. According to the report, the ministry describes the draft as bringing more efficient control of finances, professional standards and the consolidation of the legal material in this field, and it would replace the maintenance act adopted in 2016 and amended in 2018 and 2022. The ministry said it will consider the comments and proposals received once the public consultation closes.

What it means for you

Foreign owners of flats in Montenegro pay into building funds and depend on the rules that decide how a building is managed and how its money is controlled; a replacement act would set those rules afresh, and the draft is at the public consultation stage.

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TürkiyeTaxBanking & financeCompanies

Türkiye brings long-term rediscount credits into the banking transactions tax exemption

The Ministry of Trade (Ticaret Bakanlığı) says a Presidential Decision published in the Official Gazette (Resmî Gazete) on 05.09.2026 applies the banking and insurance transactions tax exemption (BSMV istisnası) to rediscount credits extended by commercial banks, and carries it beyond short-term credits to long-term rediscount credits from both Eximbank and commercial banks. The ministry states that the rediscount credit programme's procedures and funding come from the Central Bank of the Republic of Türkiye (TCMB). Its announcement is headed with the statement that the arrangement has entered into force.

What it means for you

A foreign investor whose Turkish company exports and borrows through the rediscount programme carries less tax on that borrowing, and the relief now reaches long-term credit as well as short-term. The announcement describes the tax treatment, not who qualifies for the programme.

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MontenegroEU accession

Montenegro has sent negotiating positions for nine EU chapters, six more due by the end of September

Montenegro's Ministry of European Affairs announced on 4 September 2026 that the country has adopted and submitted to the European Commission its negotiating positions for nine chapters, and that the positions for the remaining six will be submitted by the end of September. The ministry said the aim is to close all negotiating chapters through several intergovernmental conferences by the end of the Irish presidency of the Council of the EU, and that the destination remains full membership by 2028, with equal rights and equal responsibilities. It added that around 70 per cent of citizens support membership of the European Union.

What it means for you

For foreigners living in or investing in Montenegro, the accession timetable is the reference point for any rule whose application is tied to the date of EU membership, and the ministry now puts the remaining six positions at the end of September and membership at 2028.

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MontenegroTaxReal estateCourts & enforcement

Montenegro's parliament reported to have adopted a reform package with a real estate transfer tax bill

RTCG reports that the Parliament of Montenegro (Skupština Crne Gore) adopted a package of laws on the evening of 4 September 2026, covering the judiciary, human rights, personal data protection, public procurement, tax policy and local self-government. According to the same report the package included a bill on real estate transfer tax (Predlog zakona o porezu na promet nepokretnosti), a bill amending the Criminal Procedure Code (Zakonik o krivičnom postupku) and two bills on personal data protection. The report does not give the content of the adopted texts or the date from which they apply.

What it means for you

Three of the reported adoptions touch areas a foreigner in Montenegro deals with directly — acquiring real estate, criminal procedure and personal data — so the wording of those texts determines what changes. As reported, neither the content nor the date of application is stated.

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TürkiyeBanking & finance

Chip passport reported required for foreigners' remote onboarding in Türkiye

Ekonomim reports that the Central Bank of the Republic of Türkiye (TCMB) has updated the rules on remote identity verification (uzaktan kimlik tespiti) for payment and electronic money institutions, through amendments to a regulation and a communiqué published in the Resmî Gazete. According to the report, the identity of foreign natural persons may be verified using passports that comply with ICAO standard 9303 and carry NFC functionality. The report states that NFC is the primary method for checking the identity document, with optical character recognition, a card reader or another method approved by the central bank used where NFC verification is not technically possible.

What it means for you

A foreign customer opening an account remotely at a Turkish payment or electronic money institution is, on this report, verified through an NFC chip passport, so a passport whose chip cannot be read does not fit the route described.

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MontenegroCourts & enforcementReal estate

Montenegro's parliament adopted a criminal asset confiscation bill, Vijesti reports

Vijesti reports that the Parliament of Montenegro adopted the bill on confiscation of proceeds acquired through criminal activity on 3 September 2026, with 43 deputies voting in favour. According to the report, property worth at least €50,000 may in certain conditions be confiscated before a final conviction, and proceeds worth at least €5,000 may be taken from a finally convicted person who does not make their lawful origin probable. The report adds that confiscation may also cover property transferred to a family member or a third party who knew, could have known or was obliged to know that the transfer aimed to avoid confiscation.

What it means for you

For foreigners buying property or a company in Montenegro, the reported rules reach assets transferred to family members and third parties, so the purpose of an earlier transfer in the seller's chain can matter to a later acquisition.

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MontenegroReal estate

Montenegro's Government to adopt the Žabljak spatial and urban plan

The Government of Montenegro announced on 3 September 2026 that the Cabinet adopted the Decision on the Preparation of the Spatial and Urban Plan of the Municipality of Žabljak. Local planning documents are adopted by the assembly of the local self-government unit under Article 49 of the Spatial Planning Law, while Article 51 allows the Government to adopt such a document where it has concluded an agreement to that effect with the municipality, which it has done with Žabljak. The €243,000 required to prepare the plan will be provided by the Municipality of Žabljak under Article 56 of the same law.

What it means for you

For owners and buyers of property around Žabljak, the local planning document will be adopted in the manner and procedure the law prescribes for state planning documents rather than by the municipal assembly, so the adoption steps run at government level.

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These notes are general information, not legal advice, and do not create a lawyer–client relationship. Each note reflects the source text on its publication date; check the current official text and your own situation with a lawyer before acting.